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List of Publications | Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition

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Head of Institute: Prof. Ido Braslavsky

Administrative manager: Rakefet Kalev

Office Address:
Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition,
Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment,
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 
Herzl 229, Rehovot 7610001, ISRAEL

Tel: +972 - (0)8-9489385
Fax: +972 - (0)8-9363208
Email Address: rakefetk@savion.huji.ac.il

List of Publications

Doctoral Dissertation:

 

Troen AM (2000) “A role for one carbon metabolism in Alzheimer’s Disease” Oxford University, Oxford, UK. (Research published only as thesis).

Chapters in collections:

1)

Lotan R, Troen AM, Beeri, M. (2017) "The influence of advanced glycation end-products on brain and cognition"; Chapter 10, in Uribarri, J, Editor: Dietary AGEs and Their Role in Health and Disease; CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Publishing Group  ISBN 9781351646352

2)

Troen AM. (2012) "Folate and vitamin B12: function and importance in cognitive development";in Bhutta Z, Hurrell RF, Rosenberg IH, (eds.): Meeting Micronutrient Requirements for Health and Development. Nestlé Nutr Inst Workshop Ser, Nestec Ltd., Vevey S. Karger AG., Basel, 2012, vol 70, pp 161-171.

Review Articles and Hypotheses:

1)

Selhub J, Miller JW, Troen AM, Mason JB, Jacques PF. Perspective: The High-Folate-Low-Vitamin B-12 Interaction Is a Novel Cause of Vitamin B-12 Depletion with a Specific Etiology-A Hypothesis. Adv Nutr. (2021) Oct 11:nmab106. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmab106. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34634124.

2)

Fuso, A; Troen AM. (2021) Environmental Epigenetics: Myth and Reality. Organisms. Journal of Biological Sciences, [S.l.], v. 4, n. 2, p. 31-34, feb. 2021. ISSN 2532-5876. doi:https://doi.org/10.13133/2532-5876/17351. Available at: https://ojs.uniroma1.it/index.php/Organisms/article/view/17351. Date accessed: 23 mar. 2021. [Invited Review]

3)

 Alber J, Alladi S, Bae HJ, Barton DA, Beckett LA, Bell JM, Berman SE, Biessels, GJ, Black SE, Bos I, Bowman GL, Brai E, Brickman AM, Callahan BL, Corriveau RA, Fossati S, Gottesman RF, Gustafson DR, Hachinski V, Hayden KM, Helman AM, Hughes, TM, Isaacs JD, Jefferson AL, Johnson SC, Kapasi A, Kern S, Kwon JC, Kukolja J, Lee A, Lockhart SN, Murray A, Osborn KE, Power MC, Price BR, Rhodius-Meester HFM, Rondeau JA, Rosen AC, Rosene DL, Schneider JA, Scholtzova H, Shaaban CE, Silva NCBS, Snyder HM, Swardfager W, Troen AM, van Veluw SJ, Vemuri P, Wallin A, Wellington C, Wilcock DM, Xie SX, Hainsworth AH (2019). White matter hyperintensities in vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID): Knowledge gaps and opportunities. Alzheimers Dement (N Y); Apr 9;5:107-117. doi: 10.1016/j.trci.2019.02.001. eCollection 2019. Review.

4)

Hainsworth AH, Allan SM, Boltze J, Cunningham C, Farris C, Head E, Ihara M, Isaacs JD, Kalaria RN, Lesnik Oberstein SA, Moss MB, Nitzsche B, Rosenberg GA, Rutten JW, Salkovic-Petrisic M, Troen AM (2017). Translational models for vascular cognitive impairment: a review including larger species. BMC Med. 15(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s12916-017-0793-9.

5)

Völzke H, Caron P, Dahl L, de Castro JJ, Erlund I, Gaberšček S, Gunnarsdottir I, Hubalewska-Dydejczyk A; Ittermann T, Ivanova L, Karanfilski B, Khattak R,  Kusic Z, Laurberg P, Lazarus J, Markou KB, Moreno-Reyes R, Nagy E, Peeters RP, Pīrāgs V, Podoba J, Rayman M, Rochau U, Siebert U, Smyth PP, Thuesen BH, Troen A, Villa L; Vitti P, Zamrazil V, Zimmermann M,; for the Iodine Global Network (IGN) West Central Europe group (2016); "Ensuring effective prevention of iodine deficiency disorders (Position Paper) Thyroid 12 (2) 189-96. doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0543

6)

Selhub J and Troen AM. (2016) “Sulfur amino acids and atherosclerosis: a role for excess dietary methionine” Annals of the New York Academy of Science 1363 (1) 18-25. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12962.

7)

Nachum-Biala Y, Troen AM. (2012)  “B-vitamins for neuroprotection: Narrowing the evidence gap”. Biofactors. 38(2):145-50.  [Invited critical review]

8)

Selhub J, Troen AM, Rosenberg IH. “B Vitamins and the Aging Brain“ (2010) Nutrition Reviews 68 Suppl 2:S112-8 [Jointly written invited review]

9)

Troen A, Fraser, D, Abdeen, Z, Rosenberg, IH. (2006) “Child Nutrition Initiative in Israel and Palestine: Status of food security, micronutrient malnutrition, and behavioral change and communication programs” Food and Nutrition Bulletin; 27(2): 180-185

10)

Troen AM, Rosenberg IH (2005) “Homocysteine and Cognitive Function” Seminars in Vascular Medicine; 5 (2):209-14.  [Invited Review]

11)

Troen AM (2005) “The Central Nervous System in Animal Models of Hyperhomocysteinemia” Progress in Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry; 29 (7):1140-1151 [Invited Review]

 Articles:  

1)

Lotan R, Ganmore I, Livny A, Itzhaki N, Waserman M, Shelly S, Zacharia M, Moshier E, Uribarri J, Beisswenger P, Cai W, Troen AM, Beeri MS. (2021) Effect of Advanced Glycation End Products on Cognition in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Results from a Pilot Clinical Trial. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;82(4):1785-1795. doi: 10.3233/JAD-210131. 

2)

Lotan R, Ganmore I, Livny A, Shelly S, Zacharia M, Uribarri J, Beisswenger P, Cai W, Schnaider Beeri M, Troen AM. (2021) Design and Feasibility of a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial to Reduce Exposure and Cognitive Risk Associated With Advanced Glycation End Products in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes. Front Nutr. 2021 Feb 15;8:614149. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.614149. 

3)

Lotan R, Ganmore I, Shelly S, Zacharia M, Uribarri J, Beisswenger P, Cai W, Troen AM, Schnaider Beeri M. Long Term Dietary Restriction of Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) in Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Is Feasible and Efficacious-Results from a Pilot RCT. Nutrients. (2020) Oct 15;12(10):3143. doi: 10.3390/nu12103143. 

4)

Monti N, Cavallaro RA, Stoccoro A, Nicolia V, Scarpa S, Kovacs GG, Fiorenza MT, Lucarelli M, Aronica E, Ferrer I, Coppedè F, Troen AM, Fuso A. CpG and non-CpG Presenilin1 methylation pattern in course of neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration is associated with gene expression in human and murine brain. Epigenetics. (2020) Aug;15(8):781-799. doi: 10.1080/15592294.2020.1722917. Epub 2020 Feb 5. 

5)

Abu Ahmad N, Raizman M, Weizmann N, Wasek B, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Tirosh O, Troen AM. (2019) Betaine attenuates pathology by stimulating lipid oxidation in liver and regulating phospholipid metabolism in brain of methionine-choline-deficient rats. FASEB J. May 23:fj201802683R. doi: 10.1096/fj.201802683R.

6)

Ovadia YS,  Sabastian C,  Dahl L, Troen AM, Mabjeesh SJ. (2018) The Effect of Iodophor Post-Milking Teat Disinfection on Iodine Content in Goat Milk, Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine Vol. 73 (4): 14-22.

7)

Efrati Philip D, Baransi G, Shahar DR, Troen AM. (2018) Food-Aid Quality Correlates Positively With Diet Quality of Food Pantry Users in the Leket Israel Food Bank Collaborative. Front Nutr. Dec 18;5:123. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00123.

8)

Ovadia YS, Gefel D, Weizmann N, Raizman M, Goldsmith R, Mabjeesh SJ, Dahl L, Troen AM. (2018) Low Iodine Intake from Dairy Foods Despite High Milk Iodine Content in Israel. Thyroid. Aug;28(8):1042-1051. doi: 10.1089/thy.2017.0654

9)

Scott TM, Rogers G, Weiner DE; Livingston K; Selhub J; Jacques PF, Rosenberg IH, Troen AM for the FACT Study Investigators (2017); “B-Vitamin Therapy for Kidney Transplant Recipients Lowers Homocysteine and Improves Selective Cognitive Outcomes in the Randomized FAVORIT Ancillary Cognitive Trial”;  Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease; 4(3):174-182. doi: 10.14283/jpad.2017.15.

10)

Stone KL; Lui LY; Christen WG; Troen AM; Bauer DC; Kado D;  Schambach MFA; Cummings,SR; Manson JAE (2017) “Effect of Combination Folic Acid, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12 Supplementation on Fracture Risk in Women: A Randomized, Controlled Trial”; Journal of Bone Metabolism Research; 32(12):2331-2338. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.3229.

11)

Philip D, Hod-Ovadia S, Troen AM (2017). “A Technical and Policy Case Study of Large-Scale Rescue and Redistribution of Perishable Foods by the "Leket Israel" Food Bank”. Food and Nutrition Bulletin 38(2):226-239. doi: 10.1177/0379572117692440.

12)

Ovadia YS, Arbelle JE, Gefel D, Brik H, Wolf T, Nadler V, Hunziker S, Zimmermann MB, Troen AM (2017). “First Israeli National Iodine Survey Demonstrates Iodine Deficiency Among School-Aged Children and Pregnant Women”. Thyroid. 27(8):1083-1091. doi: 10.1089/thy.2017.0251

13)

Ovadia Y, Gefel D, Aharoni D, Turkot S, Fytlovich S, Troen AM (2016) "Can desalinated seawater contribute to Iodine Deficiency Disorders?: An observation and hypothesis" Public Health Nutrition 19(15):2808-17. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016000951

14)

Tal Y, Weinstein M, Samach A, Tirosh, O, Troen AM (2016) "The neuroprotective properties of a novel variety of Passion Fruit" The Journal of Functional Foods  23 (2016) 359-369. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2016.02.039 

15)

Gebretsadikian TM, Troen AM (2016) "Progress and Challenges in Eliminating Iodine Deficiency in Ethiopia: a Systematic Review"; BMC Nutrition 2:12. doi: 10.1186/s40795-016-0051-0 

16)

Philip D, Buch A, Moorthy D, Scott TM, Parnell LD, Lai Chao-Qiang, Ordovas JM, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH, Tucker KL, Troen AM (2015) "Dihydrofolate reductase 19-bp deletion polymorphism modifies the association of folate status with memory in a cross-sectional multi-ethnic study of adults" American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 102 (5) 1279-88.  doi:10.3945/ajcn.115.111054     

17)

Ovadia YS, Gefel D, Turkot S, Aharoni D, Fytlovich S, Troen AM (2014) "Elevated Serum Thyroglobulin and Low Iodine Intake Are Associated with Nontoxic Nodular Goiter among Adults Living near the Eastern Mediterranean Coast." J Thyroid Res. ;2014:913672. doi: 10.1155/2014/913672. Epub 2014 Dec 14. 

18)

Shaul, ME; Hallacoglu, B; Sassaroli, A; Shukitt-Hale, B; Fantini, S; Rosenberg, IH.; Troen, AM (2014) "Cerebral Blood Volume and Vasodilation are Independently Diminished by Aging and Hypertension: A Near Infrared Spectroscopy Study" Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 42(S3);S189-S198. 

19)

 Moorthy D, Peter I, Scott TM, Parnell LD, Lai CQ, Crott JW, Ordovás JM, Selhub J, Griffith J, Rosenberg IH, Tucker KL, Troen AM (2012)  “Status of Vitamins B-12 and B-6 but Not of Folate, Homocysteine, and the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism Are Associated with Impaired Cognition and Depression in Adults “ Journal of Nutrition 142(8):1554-60 

20)

Hallacoglu B, Sassaroli A, Wysocki M, Guerrero-Berroa E,  Schnaider-Beeri M, Haroutunian V, Shaul M,  Rosenberg IH, Troen AM,  Fantini S (2012) "Absolute measurement of cerebral optical coefficients, hemoglobin concentration and oxygen saturation in old and young adults with near-infrared spectroscopy". Journal of Biomedical Optics 17(8):081406-1.  

21)

Troen AM, Scott T, D’Anci, KE, Moorthy D, Dobson B, Rogers B, Weiner DE, Levey AS, Dallal GE, Jacques PF, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH and the FAVORIT investigators. (2012)  "Cognitive dysfunction and depression in adult kidney transplant recipients: Baseline findings from the FAVORIT Ancillary Cognitive Trial (FACT)" Journal of Renal Nutrition Mar;22(2):268-276. [Impact Factor 1.750; Journal Rank 47/76 in Nutrition & Dietetics, 34/73 in  Urology & Nephrology, Citations 4]

22)

Ye X, Lai CQ, Crott JW, Troen AM, Ordovas JM, Tucker KL (2011) "The Folate Hydrolase 1561C>T Polymorphism Is Associated With Depressive Symptoms in Puerto Rican Adults." Psychosomatic Medicine. 73(5):385-92. 

23)

Hallacoglu B, Sassaroli A, Fantini S, Troen AM (2011) "Cerebral perfusion and oxygenation are impaired by folate deficiency in rat: absolute measurements with noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy" Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism. 31(6):1482-92. 

24)

 Lai CQ, Parnell LD, Troen AM, Shen J, Caouette H, Warodomwichit D, Lee YC, Crott J, Qiu WQ, Rosenberg IH, Tucker KL, Ordovás JM  (2010) “MAT1A variants are associated with hypertension, stroke, and markers of DNA damage and are modulated by plasma vitamin B-6 and folate” American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 91(5): 1377-86 

25)

Linhart HG, Troen AM, Bell GW, Cantu E,Chao WH, Moran E, Steine E, He T, Jaenisch R. (2009) “Folate Deficiency Induces Genomic Uracil Misincorporation and Hypomethylation But Does Not Increase DNA Point Mutations” Gastroenterology; 136(1):227-235.e3. Epub 2008 Oct 9. 

26)

Troen AM, Shea-Budgell M, Shukitt-Hale B, Smith DE, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH  (2008)  “B-vitamin deficiency causes hyperhomocysteinemia and vascular cognitive impairment in mice”  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 105 (34): 12474-12479 

27)

Troen AM, Chao WH, D’Anci KE, Shukitt-Hale B, Crivello NA, Albuquerque BM, Casseus S, Smith DE, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH. (2008) “Cognitive impairment in folate-deficient rats corresponds to depleted brain phosphatidylcholine and is prevented by dietary methionine without lowering plasma homocysteine” Journal of Nutrition 138(12):2502-2509 

28)

Kalmbach RD, Choumenkovitch SF, Troen AM, Jacques PF, D’Agostino R, Selhub J. (2008) Circulating folic acid in plasma:  Relation to folic acid fortification”  American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 88 (3):763-768 

29)

Kalmbach RD, Choumenkovitch SF, Troen AM, Jacques PF, D’Agostino R, Selhub J (2008). “A 19-base pair deletion polymorphism in dihydrofolate reductase is associated with increased unmetabolized folic acid in plasma and decreased red blood cell folate” Journal of Nutrition; 138: (12) 2323-2327 

30)

Johnson EJ, McDonald K, Caldarella SM, Chung H, Troen AM, Snodderly, DM. (2008) “Cognitive findings of an exploratory trial of docosahexaenoic acid and lutein supplementation in older women” Nutritional Neuroscience;11(2): 75-83 

31)

 Bernardo A, McCord M, Troen AM, Allison JD, McDonald MP. (2007) “Impaired spatial memory in APP-overexpressing mice on a homocysteinemia-inducing diet” Neurobiology of Aging; 28(8):1195-205. 

32)

Troen AM,  French EE, Roberts JF, Selhub J, Ordovas JM, Parnell LD, Lai CQ (2007)  “Lifespan modification by glucose and methionine in Drosophila melanogaster fed a chemically defined diet.” Age; 29(1):29-39. Erratum in: Age (Dordr). 2010 Mar;32(1):123 

33)

Troen AM, Mitchell B, Johnston A, Wener A, Sorensen B, Wood B, McTiernan A, Yasui Y, Selhub J, Ulrich CM (2006)  "Unmetabolized Folic Acid In Plasma Is Associated With Reduced Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity Among Postmenopausal Women" Journal of Nutrition; 136: 1-6 

34)

Troen AM,  Shukitt-Hale B, Smith DE, Selhub J, Rosenberg IH (2006) "The Cognitive Impact of Nutritional Hyperhomocysteinemia in Apolipoprotein-E Deficient Mice" Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease; 9(4): 381-392 

35)

Spiegelstein O, X Lu, Le XC, Troen A, Selhub J, Melnyk S, James SJ, Finnell RH (2005) "Effects Of Dietary Folate Intake And Folate Binding Protein-2 (Folbp2) On Urinary Speciation Of Sodium Arsenate In Mice" Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology; 19(1): 1-7. 

36)

Spiegelstein O, Gould A, Wlodarczyk B, Tsie M, Lu X, Le C, Troen A, Selhub J, Piedrahita JA, Salbaum JM, Kappen C, Melnyk S, James J, Finnell RH (2005) “Developmental Consequences Of In Utero Sodium Arsenate Exposure In Mice With Folate Transport Deficiencies”; Toxicology Applied Pharmacology; 203(1):18-26 

37)

Kado DM, Karlamangla AS, Huang MH, Troen A, Rowe JW, Selhub J, Seeman TE (2005). "Homocysteine Versus The Vitamins Folate, B12 And B6 As Predictors Of Cognitive Function In Older High Functioning Adults:  Mac Arther Studies Of Successful Aging" American Journal of Medicine; 118(2):161-167. 

38)

Spiegelstein O, Lu X,  Le XC, Troen A, Selhub J, Melnyk S, James SJ, Finnell RH (2003). "Effects Of Dietary Folate Intake And Folate Binding Protein-1 (Folbp1) On Urinary Speciation Of Sodium Arsenate In Mice" Toxicology Letters; 145(2): 167-174.

39)

Troen AM, Lutgens E, Smith DE, Rosenberg IH, Selhub J (2003). "The Atherogenic Effect of Excess Methionine Intake" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 100(25): 15089-150

Other Publications (Letters, Editorials and Reports):

1)

Eiran, E., Elias, M., Troen, AM. (2021). No Bread, No Peace. National security experts need to put food back on the table as a core issue. Foreign Policy, January 23, 2021. https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/01/23/food-hunger-national-security-issue...

2)

Troen AM et al., May 2020. Position paper to the National Security Council (MAL”L) on Food and Nutrition Security and National Resilience in Israel in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

3)

Ish-Shalom S, Troen AM, Dawson-Hughes B. April 5, 2020. Position paper on vitamin D supplementation to reduce risk of acute upper respiratory tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adopted by the Israel Ministry of Health. https://govextra.gov.il/media/15886/nutdic-vitamind.pdf

4)

Edited Conference Proceedings: Do Micronutrient Deficiency Conditions Exist in Israel in 2019? Challenges and Opportunities for Food Fortification. (2019) Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel. Available from: https://www.aac.ac.il/wp-content/uploads/ACC-MN-Conference-Proceedings-2....

5)

Goldschmidt R, Abu-Saad K, Adler D, Ohad N, Oren M, Azarjeva J, Endveld M, Endevelt R, Epel  B, Berry EM, Berkely N, Troen AM, Kachal Y, Chernechovski D, Kauffman R, Kaufman-Shariki V, Kolter-Leibovitch O, Rotem N, Shahar D, Shepon A (in alphabetical order). (2018) National Council on Food Security, Research and Survey Committee Report (Government of Israel).

6)

The EUthyroid Consortium (2018) The Krakow Declaration on Iodine: Tasks and Responsibilities for Prevention Programs Targeting Iodine Deficiency Disorders. Eur Thyroid J. Aug;7(4):201-204. doi: 10.1159/000490143. https://www.iodinedeclaration.eu/declaration/

7)

Global Council on Brain Health. Brain Food: GCBH Recommendations on Nourishing Your Brain Health. Washington, DC: Global Council on Brain Health, January 2018. https://doi.org/10.26419/pia.00019.001

8)

Abu-Saad K, Ohad N, Oren M, Azarjeva J, Endveld M, Endevelt R, Epel  B, Berry E, Berkely N, Goldschmidt R, Troen AM, Kachal Y, Chernechovski D, Kauffman R, Kaufman-Shariki V, Kolter-Leibovitch O, Rotem N, Shahar D, Shepon A (in alphabetical order) (2015) National Council on Food Security, Research and Survey Committee Report (Government of Israel)  August 2015.

9)

Ovadia Y, Troen AM, Gefel D (2013).  Seawater desalination and iodine deficiency: is there a link? ICCIDD Newsletter 30.8.2013 3/2013.  (http://www.iccidd.org/newsletter/idd_aug13_israel_1.pdf)

10)

Coppedè F, Bosco P, Fuso A, Troen AM. “Nutrition and Dementia”; Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research (2012) [Invited editorial introducing guest edited volume.

11)

Troen AM, Rosenberg IH. (2009) “Reply to Gueant et al: How comparable are brain changes induced by dietary methyl-donor deficiency occurring before birth or after weaning? (Letter)”  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences; 106 (1), pp. E2

12)

Kado DM, Karlamangla AS, Huang MH, Seeman TE, Selhub J, Troen A (2005). “Reply to: Folate, mitochondria, ROS, and the aging brain” (Letter) The American Journal of Medicine 118,(10):1174   

Patents:

 

NEUROPROTECTIVE NATURAL EXTRACT FROM PASSION FRUIT.  ​US patent application 2013/0171284 filed June 28 2011 and granted July 2016. Samach A, Tirosh O, Pesis E, Artan A, Goldenberg L, Troen AM

Manuscripts submitted or in preparation:

1)

Azarieva J, Berry EM, Troen AM. (2021) Child food insecurity in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: urgent need for policy evaluation and reform in Israel’s school feeding programs (Submitted to Israel Journal of Health Policy Research).

2)

Barnet-Itzhaki Z., Ehrlich D, Troen AM, Rorman E, Groismann L, Blaychfeld Magnazi M, Endevelt R, Berman T. (2021) Results of the National Biomonitoring Program show Persistent Iodine Deficiency in Israel (Submitted to Israel Journal of Health Policy Research)

3)

EUthyroid WP1 manuscript in preparation: Register-based information on thyroid disease in Europe: Lessons and results from the EUthyroid collaboration (2021) (Submitted to Eur J Endocrinology).

4)

Food Security of Families of Israeli School-Age Children and Suspension of School Feeding Programs During COVID-19 (In Preparation)

5)

The prevalence and correlates of food insecurity among Israeli college and university students during the COVID-19 pandemic (In Preparation)

6)

Modeling the impact for flour fortification with folic acid to prevent Neural Tube Defects in Israel (In Preparation)

7)

Age-related vascular cognitive decline dominates structural and functional effects of experimental folate deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia in rat (In Preparation)